Reversible motor



March 22, 1966 T. s. REED 3,241,457

REVERSIBLE MOTOR Filed May 6, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.

IN VEN TOR.

THOMAS REE AGENT March 22, 1966 1', s. REED 3,241,457

REVERSIBLE MOTOR Filed May 6, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 H mnllllllllllINVENTOR. THOMAS .S. REED March 22, 1966 T. s. REED 3,241,457

REVERSIBLE MOTOR Filed May 6, 1964 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 40 FIG. 5

44 INVEN TOR.

moms s. REED 43 BY AGENT United States Patent 3,241,457 REVERSIBLE MOTORThomas S. Reed, Glen Ellyn, 111., assiguor to Ingersoll- Rand Company,New York, N.Y., a corporation of New Jersey Filed May 6, 1964, fier. No.365,378 6 Claims. (Cl. 91-135) This invention relates generally toreversible vane type fluid motors and more particularly to means forporting pressure fluid to the motor chambers and the exhaust fluidtherefrom.

The present invention is particularly adapted to such motors having asingle crescent shaped working chamber having flow connections at bothends each providing inlet flow for rotation of the rotor in onedirection and outlet flow for rotation in the reverse direction. Asingle intermediate flow path is provided for primary exhaust duringrotation in both directions porting the primary exhaust to the finalexhaust from the end of the working chamber. Although two exhaust pathsand a single inlet path are provided, only two motor connections arerequired.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a singleprimary exhaust path, in a reversible vane type motor with two flowconnections, which automatically ports primary exhaust to one or theother of the flow connections discharging final exhaust according to thedirection of operation of the motor.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the foregoingmotor wherein the automatic porting is accomplished in response to inletpressure fluid in accordance with the flow connection receiving suchinlet pressure fluid.

And another object of the present invention is to provide the foregoingmotor wherein the two flow connections and the automatic porting meansis disposed in an end cap thereof.

This invention contemplates a reversible fluid actuated motorcomprising; a stator having an axial bore closed at its ends; a rotoreccentrically disposed in the axial bore defining with the axial bore acrescent shaped motor chamber; a plurality of angularly spaced vanesmovable radially in the rotor engaging the bore and dividing the motorchamber into a plurality of pockets which vary in area as the rotorturns; the stator having a pair of flow paths communicating with theends of the motor chamber each adapted to receive pressure fluid and toexhaust fluid from the motor chamber when the other path receivespressure fluid; and an exhaust passage communicating with the pair offlow paths and the motor chamber intermediate its ends; and valve meansdisposed in the stator responsive to pressure fluid blocking communication between the exhaust passage and the flow path receivingpressure fluid.

The foregoing and other objects and advantages will appear more fullyhereinafter from a consideration of the detailed description whichfollows, taken together with the accompanying drawings wherein oneembodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example. It is tobe expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for illustrationpurposes only and are not to be construed as defining the limits of theinvention.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a vane type fluid motor made in accordancewith the present invention,

FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are sectional views of the novel motor taken on lines22, 3-3 and 44, respectively, of FIG. 1, and

3,241,457 Patented Mar. 22, 1966 FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an endcap and the adjacent wear plate of the novel motor taken on line 5-5 ofFIG. 3.

A motor, made in accordance with the present invention, has a housing orstator 9 formed by a rotor casing 10 with a through bore 11 that isclosed at its ends by cover members or end caps and connected to thecasing by fasteners in any manner well known in the art. A port or wearplate is connected between the casing 11) and each of the cover members20 and. 30.

A rotor is disposed eccentrically in bore 11 forming therebetween acrescent shaped working or motor chamber 12, and is rotatable with itsshaft or shaft studs 53 rotatably supported by bearings 54 and mountedin covers 20 and 30, respectively. Rotor 50 has a plurality of angularlyspaced, radially disposed axial slots 51, and a plurality of vanes 52are provided each being slidably disposed in one of the slots. Vanes 52extend the full axial length of rotor 50 forming running seals at theirends with plates 4-0, and are urged outwardly forming running seals withbore 11 and dividing the crescent shaped working chamber 12 into aplurality of motor pockets 13 that vary in area or progressivelyincrease to a maximum then decrease during motor operation.

Casing 10 has three axial passages 14, 16 and 18, passage 14-communicating with one end of chamber 12 through a plurality of axiallyspaced bores 15; passage 16 communicating with the other end of chamber12 through a plurality of axially spaced ports 17; and passage 18communicating with the chamber 12, midway between ports 15 and 17,through ports 19. Thus, passage 18 and ports 19 are disposed on an axialplane that passes through the axis of bore 11 and the axis of rotationof rotor 50.

Each of the wear or port plates 40 has three ports 41, 42 and 43 thatare axially alined and conform in shape with axial passages 14, 16 and.18 respectively; port 43 having a recess or groove 44 that extends thesize of the port and overlaps the end of bore 11. Each of the wear orport plates 40 also have a circular opening 47 for the shaft 53 and apair of arcuate ports 45 and 46 spaced outwardly from and concentricwith opening 47; ports 45 and 46 being spaced substantially radiallyinwardly from ports 41 and 42, respectively, toward opening 47 in axialalinement with bottoms of rotor slots 51.

End cap 20/ has a pair of ported chambers 21 and 25 each being adaptedto receive pressure fluid as the motor inlet and to exhaust such fluidas the motor outlet when the other chamber is receiving motive pressurefluid. Chamber 21 includes a recess or groove 22 in the cap 20 adjacentplate 46 which conforms in shape to ports 41 and 45, and the plateportion therebetween. Recess 22 thus provides communication from thechamber 21 to passage 14 through port 41, and to bore 11 at the base ofslots 51. Chamber 25 includes a groove or recess 26 which corresponds inform and function, to groove 22, for ports 42 and 46.

End cap 2% also has a Y-shaped passage 29, in the form of a recessadjacent plate 41 that is axially alined, with port 43 and has a pair ofdiverging paths that communicate with chambers 21 and 25 through ports23 and 27, respectively. The bottoms of chambers 21 and 25 around therespective ports 23 and 27 form seats for balls or ball check valves24'- and 28, respectively, to control flow between passage 29 andchambers 21 and 25. Gravity urges balls 24 and 28 to seat when the motoris inoperative; however, light springs (not shown) may be provided.

The drive connection end of shaft 53 that is mounted in bearing 55, asshown extends through end ca 30 that has a seal outward of the bearingto prevent leakage. Cap 3t) has a pair of recesses or grooves (notshown) which correspond to grooves 22 and 26 to provide similar flowpaths at the other end of the motor, and a recess or groove 31corresponding to the lower portion of passage 29 and having only asingle path which extends upwardly and forms a vent for bearing 55.

Pressure fluid received by chamber 21 flows through groove 22, port 41,passage 14 and ports to the motor chambers 13 in the end of the crescentshaped chamber 12 to cause the rotor 50 to turn clockwise when viewed inFIG. 4 as the pressure fluid expands. Simultaneously, some of thepressure fluid in groove 22 flows through port 45 into the bottoms ofslots 51 housing the vanes 52 defiining the motor pockets 13 receivingpressure fluid, and is assisted by some pressure fluid from passage 14which flows through the recess (not shown) in cap and the port in plate40 adjacent cap 30. Pressure fluid in chamber 21 positively holds ballmember 24- seated.

Motor pockets 13 increase or expand as they move away from the end ofchamber 12 that is in communication with chamber 21 until they reachmaximum size. At this time, a pocket 13 is substantially bisected by theplane that extends through the axes of bore 11 and rotor 56. As suchpockets 13 further approach the other end of chamber 12, they decreaseor reduce in area and compress the fluid entrapped therein causing apower waste.

T o insure full expansion of the pressure fluid in pockets 13 prior totheir reduction in area, primary exhaust is accomplished through ports19 and passage 18, port 43, and thence through passage 2? and port 2'7past valve member 28 to chamber 25. Final exhaust of chambers 13 as theyreduce in area is accomplished through ports 17 and passage 16, and port42 to chamber 25. Thus two stage exhaust is accomplished, with all theexhausing fluid being discharged from chamber 25.

For reverse rotation, pressure fluid is provided to chamber 25 andgroove 26 which flows through port 42, and passage 16 and ports 17 tochamber 12. Pressure fluid in chamber 25 positively seats ball check 28,and simultaneously flows from recess 26 through port 46 to the bottomsof adjacent slots 51 of rotor 50.

Primary exhaust again is accomplished through ports 19 and passage 18,port 413, and passage 29. In this instance, however, exhausting fluidfrom passage 29 passes through port 23 past ball check 24 to chamber 21which is discharged with the final exhaust from chamber 12 which nowflows through ports 15 and passage 14, and port 41.

It should now be readily seen that ported chambers 21 and 25 eachprovide the inlet for driving the motor in one direction and the outletwhen the other of the ported chambers provides the inlet. The simpleball check valve members 24 and 28 are singularly seated by inletpressure fluid in chamber 21 or 25 to block the flow of pressure fluidfrom the Y-shaped or bifurcated passage 29 while simultaneouslypermitting primary exhaust flow from passage 29 to the ported chamber 21or 25 then receiving final exhaust.

Although but a single embodiment of the invention has been illustratedand described in detail, it is to be expressly understood that theinvention is not limited thereto. Various changes may be made in thedesign and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention as the same will now be understood by thoseskilled in the art.

I claim:

1. A reversible fluid actuated motor comprising:

a stator having an axial bore closed at its opposing ends;

a rotor eccentrically disposed within the axial bore to define acrescent-shaped motor chamber with the walls of the axial bore;

a plurality of slidably mounted vanes radially carried by said rotor inengaging relationship With the walls of the axial bore dividing themotor chamber into a plurality of pockets which vary in area during therotation of said rotor;

said stator including a first fluid passage communicating with the motorchamber adjacent one of the arcuately extending ends thereof forconveying pressurized fluid to the motor chamber during unidirectionalrotation of said rotor and conveying exhaust fluid from the motorchamber during reverse directional rotation of said rotor;

said stator including a second fluid passage communicating with themotor chamber adjacent the other arcuately extending end thereof forconveying pressurized fluid to the motor chamber during said reversedirectional rotation of said rotor and conveying exhaust fluid from themotor chamber during said unidirectional rotation of said rotor;

said stator including an exhaust fluid passage communicating with themotor chamber intermediate its arcuately extending ends for conveyingexhaust fluid from the motor chamber, said exhaust fluid passagecommunicating with said first and second fluid passages for conveyingexhaust fluid thereto; and

valve means interposed intermediate said exhaust fluid passage and saidfirst and second fluid passages responsive to the flow of pressurizedfluid through said first and second fluid passages for preventingpassage of exhaust fluid from said exhaust fluid passage to said firstand second fluid passages when the latter are conveying pressurizedfluid to the motor chamher.

2. A reversible fluid actuated motor according to claim 1, wherein saidvalve means comprises a first valve member disposed intermediate saidexhaust fluid passage and said first fluid passage and responsive topressurized fluidflowing through the latter to prevent exhaust fluidfrom passing from said exhaust passage to said first fluid passage Whenthe latter is conveying pressurized fluid to the motor chamber, and asecond valve member disposed intermediate said exhaust fluid passage andsaid second fluid passage and responsive to pressurized fluid flowingthrough the latter to prevent exhaust fluid from passing from saidexhaust fluid passage to said second fluid passage when the latter isconveying pressurized fluid to the motor chamber.

3. A reversible fluid actuated motor according to claim 2, wherein eachof said first and second fluid passages communicate with said exhaustfluid passage through a seat port, and said first and second valvemembers are disposed to be retained against the seat ports bypressurized fluid passing through said first and second fluid passagesto the motor chamber to prevent exhaust fluid from passing from saidexhaust fluid passage to said first and second fluid passages when thelatter are conveying pressurized fluid to the motor chamber,

4. A reversible fluid actuated motor according to claim 2, wherein saidexhaust fluid passage communicates with the motor chamber in a planethat extends through the axes of the axial bore and said rotor, and saidfirst and second fluid passages communicate with the motor chamber onopposing sides of such plane.

5. A reversible fluid actuated motor according to claim 2, wherein saidfirst and second fluid passages and said exhaust fluid passage extendaxially in the stator and each comunicate with the axial bore through aplurality of axially spaced ports.

6. A reversible fluid actuated motor according to claim 2, wherein saidrotor includes a plurality of radially extending slots, each ofsaid'slots communicating with said first and second fluid passages toreceive pressurized 5 6 fluid therefrom, and said vanes are disposed insaid slots 2,636,513 4/19 53' Schmid 91--121 X to be biased intoengaging relationship with the walls 2,778,344 1/1957 Compton et a191-121 X of the axial bore by pressurized fluid in said s'lots.2,799,249 7/1957 Lear 91-1 21 X 2,846,984 8/ 195 8 Zwayer 91121References Cited y the E mine 5 2,980,078 4/1961 Oonover 91-438 UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 2 319 23 5/1943i Kendrick 1 SAMUEL LEVINE Pnmmy 2,428,72610/1947 Sturrock 91 121 X S. ROSEN, Assistant Examiner-

